{"id":1392,"date":"2025-03-29T17:29:52","date_gmt":"2025-03-29T15:29:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/canalregionaltv.md\/?p=1392"},"modified":"2025-03-29T17:29:52","modified_gmt":"2025-03-29T15:29:52","slug":"cutremur-devastator-in-myanmar-zeci-de-mii-de-morti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/canalregionaltv.md\/?p=1392","title":{"rendered":"Cutremur devastator \u00een Myanmar: Zeci de mii de mor\u021bi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Exper\u021bi \u00een modelarea riscului de tip catastrofal estimeaz\u0103 c\u0103 num\u0103rul mor\u021bilor \u00een cel mai puternic cutremur din ultimele decenii care a lovit vineri Myanmarul ar putea ajunge la zeci de mii, informeaz\u0103 s\u00e2mb\u0103t\u0103 AFP, potrivit Agerpres<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2018Trebuie s\u0103 ne a\u0219tept\u0103m la un num\u0103r mare de victime \u0219i pagube semnificative, iar zona catastrofei este probabil extins\u0103\u2019, a declarat Institutul geologic american (USGS), care a localizat epicentrul acestui cutremur de ad\u00e2ncime sc\u0103zut\u0103, cu magnitudinea de 7,7, \u00een apropierea ora\u0219ului Mandalay din Myanmar, unde locuiesc peste un milion de oameni.<\/p>\n

Cel mai recent bilan\u021b anun\u021bat s\u00e2mb\u0103t\u0103 de junta militar\u0103 de guvern\u0103m\u00e2nt din Myanmar este de peste o mie de mor\u021bi \u0219i peste 2 mii de r\u0103ni\u021bi.<\/p>\n

Dar analiza USGS estimeaz\u0103 c\u0103 exist\u0103 o probabilitate de 35% ca num\u0103rul mor\u021bilor s\u0103 se situeze \u00een intervalul cuprins \u00eentre 10 mii \u0219i p\u00e2n\u0103 la 100 de mii de persoane.<\/p>\n

USGS precizeaz\u0103 totodat\u0103 c\u0103 costul financiar al acestui dezastru ar putea ajunge la zeci de miliarde de dolari, avertiz\u00e2nd c\u0103 ar putea dep\u0103\u0219i PIB-ul \u021b\u0103rii.<\/p>\n

O falie periculoas\u0103<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bill McGuire, profesor de geofizic\u0103 \u0219i riscuri climatice la University College din Londra (UCL), a declarat c\u0103 a fost \u2018probabil cel mai mare cutremur care a lovit Myanmar \u00een trei sferturi de secol\u2019.<\/p>\n

O replic\u0103 cu magnitudinea 6,7 s-a produs la c\u00e2teva minute dup\u0103 seismul ini\u021bial, iar McGuire a avertizat c\u0103 \u2018sunt prev\u0103zute alte replici\u2019.<\/p>\n

Pentru a explica acest cutremur, Rebecca Bell, expert \u00een tectonic\u0103 la Imperial College din Londra, sugereaz\u0103 o mi\u0219care de trac\u021biune lateral\u0103 a faliei Sagaing.<\/p>\n

\u201dChiar \u00een acest punct placa tectonic\u0103 indian\u0103, la vest, se \u00eent\u00e2lne\u0219te cu placa Sunda, care formeaz\u0103 o mare parte din Asia de Sud-Est \u2013 o falie similar\u0103 ca m\u0103rime \u0219i mi\u0219care cu falia San Andreas din California. Falia Sagaing este foarte lung\u0103, 1.200 km \u0219i foarte dreapt\u0103\u2019, a explicat Bell.<\/p>\n

\u2018Caracterul rectiliniu face ca seismele s\u0103 se produc\u0103 pe suprafe\u021be mari \u2013 \u0219i cu c\u00e2t zona faliei care alunec\u0103 este mai mare, cu at\u00e2t cutremurul este mai mare\u2019, a ad\u0103ugat ea.<\/p>\n

Cutremurele \u00een astfel de cazuri pot fi \u2018deosebit de distructive\u2019, a ad\u0103ugat Rebecca Bell, care a explicat c\u0103, atunci c\u00e2nd cutremurul are loc la ad\u00e2ncimi mici, energia sa seismic\u0103 se disipeaz\u0103 c\u00e2nd ajunge \u00een zonele populate de deasupra.<\/p>\n

Acest lucru provoac\u0103 \u2018multe zg\u00e2l\u021b\u00e2ituri la suprafa\u021b\u0103\u2019, adaug\u0103 ea.<\/p>\n

Un boom al construc\u021biilor<\/strong><\/p>\n

Myanmar este lovit\u0103 cu regularitate de cutremure puternice. \u00cen ultimul secol, au avut loc peste 14 seisme cu magnitudinea 6 sau mai mare, inclusiv unul cu magnitudinea de 6,8, l\u00e2ng\u0103 Mandalay, \u00een 1956, a declarat Brian Baptie, seismolog la Geological Survey of London (BGS).<\/p>\n

Ian Watkinson, de la Departamentul de \u0218tiin\u021bele P\u0103m\u00e2ntului de la Royal Holloway, Universitatea din Londra, a explicat la r\u00e2ndul s\u0103u c\u0103 \u2018un boom-ul al construc\u021biei de cl\u0103diri \u00eenalte din beton armat\u2019 a schimbat datele problemei \u00een ultimele decenii.<\/p>\n

\u00cen Myanmar, sf\u00e2\u0219iat\u0103 de ani de conflict, nivelul de aplicare a standardelor de construc\u021bie rezistente la cutremur este sc\u0103zut.<\/p>\n

\u2018\u00cen timpul tuturor cutremurelor anterioare cu magnitudinea de 7 sau mai mare de-a lungul Faliei Sagaing, Myanmarul era relativ nedezvoltat, av\u00e2nd \u00een mare parte cl\u0103diri joase cu structur\u0103 de lemn \u0219i monumente religioase din c\u0103r\u0103mid\u0103\u2019, a declarat Ian Watkinson.<\/p>\n

\u2018Cel de vineri este primul test al infrastructurii moderne din Myanmar \u00een fa\u021ba unui cutremur de mare magnitudine \u0219i pu\u021bin ad\u00e2nc \u00een apropierea ora\u0219elor sale mari\u2019, a ad\u0103ugat el.<\/p>\n

Brian Baptie estimeaz\u0103 c\u0103 cel pu\u021bin 2,8 milioane de birmanezi locuiesc \u00een zonele puternic afectate, iar majoritatea tr\u0103iau \u00een cl\u0103diri \u2018construite din lemn \u0219i zid\u0103rie din c\u0103r\u0103mid\u0103 neranforsat\u0103\u2019 \u0219i, astfel, vulnerabile la cutremure.<\/p>\n

\u2018Teoria obi\u0219nuit\u0103 este c\u0103 \u2018seismele nu ucid, ci ucide pr\u0103bu\u0219irea infrastructurii\u2019, a declarat Ilan Kelman, expert \u00een diminuarea dezastrelor la University College London.<\/p>\n

\u2018Guvernele sunt responsabile pentru reglement\u0103rile \u00een materie de planificare \u0219i standardele de construc\u021bie. Acest dezastru eviden\u021biaz\u0103 ceea ce guvernele din Myanmar nu au reu\u0219it s\u0103 fac\u0103 bine \u00eenainte de cutremur \u0219i care ar fi salvat vie\u021bi \u00een timpul seismului\u201d, a ad\u0103ugat el.<\/p>\n

Verific\u0103ri la zg\u00e2rie-nori<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zg\u00e2l\u021b\u00e2ituri puternice au fost resim\u021bite \u0219i \u00een \u021b\u0103rile vecine, inclusiv \u00een Thailanda, unde un zg\u00e2rie-nori de 30 de etaje aflat \u00een construc\u021bie a fost redus la o gr\u0103mad\u0103 de beton pr\u0103fuit, prinz\u00e2nd zeci de muncitori sub d\u0103r\u00e2m\u0103turi.<\/p>\n

Christian Malaga-Chuquitaype, de la Imperial College din Londra, a explicat c\u0103 natura solului din Bangkok a contribuit ca ora\u0219ul, care se afl\u0103 la aproximativ 1 mie de km de epicentru, s\u0103 fie \u00een egal\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103 afectat.<\/p>\n

\u2018Chiar dac\u0103 Bangkok este departe de falii active, terenul s\u0103u moale amplific\u0103 zg\u00e2l\u021b\u00e2iturile\u2019, a spus el.<\/p>\n

\u00cen opinia sa, tehnicile de construc\u021bie din Bangkok care favorizeaz\u0103 \u2018pl\u0103cile plate\u2019 \u2013 unde podelele sunt sus\u021binute doar de st\u00e2lpi f\u0103r\u0103 a folosi grinzi armate, precum o mas\u0103 sus\u021binut\u0103 doar de picioare \u2013 constituie un \u2018design problematic\u2019.<\/p>\n

Potrivit expertului, o analiz\u0103 video ini\u021bial\u0103 a cl\u0103dirii pr\u0103bu\u0219ite sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 aceast\u0103 tehnic\u0103 de construc\u021bie a fost folosit\u0103 \u00een acest caz specific.<\/p>\n

Aceast\u0103 tehnic\u0103 \u2018se comport\u0103 prost \u00een timpul cutremurelor, adesea pr\u0103bu\u0219indu-se \u00eentr-un mod fragil \u0219i brusc (aproape exploziv)\u2019, explic\u0103 el.<\/p>\n

Roberto Gentile, de la University College din Londra, expert \u00een modelarea riscului de tip catastrofal, a declarat c\u0103 \u2018pr\u0103bu\u0219irea spectaculoas\u0103\u2019 a turnului din Bangkok \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 \u2018alte cl\u0103diri \u00eenalte din ora\u0219 ar putea necesita o evaluare suplimentar\u0103\u2019.<\/p>\n

Articolul Cutremur devastator \u00een Myanmar: Zeci de mii de mor\u021bi<\/a> apare prima dat\u0103 \u00een NordNews<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Exper\u021bi \u00een modelarea riscului de tip catastrofal estimeaz\u0103 c\u0103 num\u0103rul mor\u021bilor \u00een cel mai puternic cutremur din ultimele decenii care a lovit vineri Myanmarul ar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1392","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nCutremur devastator \u00een Myanmar: Zeci de mii de mor\u021bi - Canal Regional<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/canalregionaltv.md\/?p=1392\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cutremur devastator \u00een Myanmar: Zeci de mii de mor\u021bi - 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