C\u00e2t de mult zah\u0103r este \u0219i va fi \u00een Moldova?\n<\/p>\n
\u201eDup\u0103 un ultim an foarte turbulent, este \u00eenc\u0103 dificil s\u0103 ne pronun\u021b\u0103m cu certitudine asupra mo\u0219tenirii afacerii cu zah\u0103r din Moldova. \u00cen nota informativ\u0103 a Uniunii Produc\u0103torilor de Zah\u0103r UPZM c\u0103tre Guvernul RM se spune urm\u0103toarele: sectorul sfeclei de zah\u0103r din RM este reprezentat de 80 de produc\u0103tori agricoli (3,5 mii locuri de munc\u0103), care cultiv\u0103 anual sfecl\u0103 de zah\u0103r pe o suprafa\u021b\u0103 de 14 mii hectare; industria zah\u0103rului are capacit\u0103\u021bi de producere a 100 mii tone de zah\u0103r. Dar acest lucru este nominal.<\/p>\n
\u00cen practic\u0103, \u00een 2025 (lu\u00e2nd \u00een considerare re\u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021barea culturilor afectate de \u00eenghe\u021b subven\u021bionate de la bugetul de stat), \u00een \u021bar\u0103 au fost cultivate aproximativ 11 mii de hectare de sfecl\u0103 de zah\u0103r.<\/p>\n
\u00cen plus, recolta de pe mai mult de 2 mii de hectare de culturi de sfecl\u0103 nu a fost niciodat\u0103 recoltat\u0103 (a fost aruncat\u0103 \u00een sol \u00een prim\u0103vara acestui an, cu pu\u021bin timp \u00eenainte de \u00eenceperea campaniei de \u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021bare).<\/p>\n
Conform estim\u0103rilor exper\u021bilor, ceva \u00een jur de 30 de mii de tone. Care este stocul actual de zah\u0103r moldovenesc din sfecla de anul trecut la depozitele produc\u0103torilor \u0219i consumatorilor s\u0103i? Nu se cunoa\u0219te \u00een mod fiabil. Ar fi bine dac\u0103 de\u021bin\u0103torii acestui activ ar raporta public datele, iar structurile de stat competente ar verifica de facto aceste informa\u021bii.<\/p>\n
Sub stresul unei astfel de finaliz\u0103ri a \u201eplanului de afaceri-2025\u201d, \u00een acest an unii cultivatori de sfecl\u0103 de zah\u0103r au renun\u021bat la aceast\u0103 cultur\u0103, iar cei r\u0103ma\u0219i \u0219i-au redus recoltele cu 30-70% fa\u021b\u0103 de nivelul anului trecut.<\/p>\n
Dup\u0103 cum a relatat anterior Logos Press, compania Sudzucker Moldova a comunicat despre inten\u021bia sa de a \u201e\u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021ba \u00eempreun\u0103 cu partenerii s\u0103i agricoli\u201d circa 6,5 mii de hectare de sfecl\u0103 de zah\u0103r. A doua companie produc\u0103toare de zah\u0103r, Moldova Zah\u0103r, nu a anun\u021bat nimic despre planurile sale pentru noul sezon.<\/p>\n
Num\u0103rul cultivatorilor de sfecl\u0103 de zah\u0103r pentru sezonul 2026 a sc\u0103zut la cel mult dou\u0103-trei duzini. Un sondaj la unii dintre ei arat\u0103 c\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 acum \u00een Moldova au fost \u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021bate cu sfecl\u0103 de zah\u0103r aproximativ 5 mii de hectare. Zilele trecute a existat o pauz\u0103 \u00een campania de \u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021bare din cauza vremii nefavorabile, v\u00e2nt puternic.<\/p>\n
Din p\u0103cate, exist\u0103 dovezi c\u0103 culturile de pe o suprafa\u021b\u0103 considerabil\u0103, aproximativ 350-450 de hectare \u00een total, au fost grav afectate prin spulberarea stratului de sol \u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021bat. Acest lucru implic\u0103 o resem\u0103nare costisitoare (conform estim\u0103rilor exper\u021bilor, costul ar putea fi de aproximativ 700 de euro\/ha). Nu este clar ce resurse vor fi utilizate pentru realizarea acestei opera\u021biuni.<\/p>\n
Entit\u0103\u021bile din sectorul sfeclei de zah\u0103r au negociat cu una dintre cele mai mari companii de asigur\u0103ri din Republica Moldova, dar nu se \u0219tie dac\u0103 s-a ajuns la un acord \u00eenainte ca evenimentul de asigurare \u201efor\u021b\u0103 major\u0103\u201d s\u0103 se produc\u0103.<\/p>\n
Probabilitatea ca agricultorii s\u0103 primeasc\u0103 asisten\u021b\u0103 financiar\u0103 din partea statului timp de doi ani la r\u00e2nd pentru resem\u0103narea planta\u021biilor de sfecl\u0103 de zah\u0103r este iluzorie. Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 toate acestea, termenul agronomic rezonabil de \u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021bare a sfeclei de zah\u0103r se va \u00eencheia deja pe actual, \u00eentr-o situa\u021bie meteorologic\u0103 ideal\u0103, s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2na viitoare.<\/p>\n
Cu alte cuvinte, \u0219ansele de a sem\u0103na chiar \u0219i suprafa\u021ba planificat\u0103 pentru sfecla de zah\u0103r sunt, din p\u0103cate, foarte mici. Cu actuala \u201eresponsabilitate\u201d, oamenii de afaceri maturi din sectorul agroalimentar al Moldovei \u00ee\u0219i fac planuri bazate pe probabilitatea mare a \u201escenariului pesimist\u201d.<\/p>\n
Dar s\u0103 fim optimi\u0219ti, s\u0103 accept\u0103m ca un fapt de dorit \u0219i aproape \u00eemplinit c\u0103 vremea va fi normal\u0103 pentru restul prim\u0103verii, verii \u0219i toamnei \u00een \u021bara noastr\u0103 \u00eendelung suferind\u0103. C\u0103 recolta de sfecl\u0103 va fi maximizat\u0103, c\u0103 va fi recoltat\u0103 la timp \u0219i prelucrat\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 pierderi.<\/p>\n
\u00cen acest caz, c\u00e2t zah\u0103r intern va primi Moldova \u00een perioada septembrie-decembrie a acestui an? Potrivit estim\u0103rilor exper\u021bilor, produc\u021bia de zah\u0103r din recolta de sfecl\u0103-2026 va fi de circa 22-25 mii tone. Cum r\u0103m\u00e2ne cu importurile de zah\u0103r \u00een Moldova? \u00cen 2026, 9 mii tone de zah\u0103r au fost importate \u00een Moldova \u00een cadrul euro-contingentului scutit de taxe vamale.<\/p>\n
Aceast\u0103 cot\u0103 a fost aleas\u0103 \u201etradi\u021bional\u201d (\u00een mare parte de c\u0103tre produc\u0103torii moldoveni de zah\u0103r) chiar la \u00eenceputul acestui an. \u00cen prezent, acest zah\u0103r, putem presupune, a fost deja par\u021bial consumat de pia\u021ba intern\u0103 a \u021b\u0103rii.<\/p>\n
Moldova are dreptul de a importa \u00een acest an aproximativ 5,5 mii de tone de zah\u0103r \u00een cadrul cotei preferen\u021biale a OMC (cu o tax\u0103 de 10%). \u00cen cadrul acestei cote, guvernul a decis s\u0103 rezerve 3.000 de tone pentru consumatorii industriali de zah\u0103r. P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prezent, ace\u0219tia au importat mai mult de 2,8 mii de tone de zah\u0103r. Potrivit reprezentan\u021bilor Asocia\u021biei Industriei Alimentare Speran\u021ba-Con, restul cotei va fi epuizat p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nii viitoare.<\/p>\n
Dup\u0103 aceea, dup\u0103 cum a subliniat conducerea asocia\u021biei \u00eentr-o scrisoare oficial\u0103 adresat\u0103 Cabinetului de Mini\u0219tri, produc\u0103torii de alimente risc\u0103 s\u0103 \u201edevin\u0103 total dependen\u021bi de doi produc\u0103tori locali de zah\u0103r\u201d. De ce au ap\u0103rut astfel de \u00eengrijor\u0103ri? Pentru c\u0103 Cabinetul de Mini\u0219tri a redactat un nou regulament privind importul de zah\u0103r. Ideea principal\u0103 a documentului este introducerea unui contingent tarifar anual pentru zah\u0103r \u00een valoare de 3 mii de tone, \u201elimit\u00e2nd importurile \u00een cadrul acordurilor de liber schimb care prev\u0103d liberalizarea total\u0103 a comer\u021bului pentru aceast\u0103 categorie de m\u0103rfuri\u201d.<\/p>\n
Cu alte cuvinte, importul f\u0103r\u0103 taxe vamale de zah\u0103r \u00een Moldova \u00een cadrul acordurilor de liber schimb cu \u021b\u0103rile CEFTA (probabil, \u00een primul r\u00e2nd, cu Serbia produc\u0103toare de zah\u0103r), Ucraina \u0219i Belarus ar trebui s\u0103 se \u00eencadreze \u00een limita men\u021bionat\u0103 mai sus.<\/p>\n
\n\u201eNu avem informa\u021bii complete, dar, din p\u0103cate, avem motive serioase s\u0103 presupunem c\u0103 \u00een acest an pia\u021ba zah\u0103rului din Republica Moldova s-ar putea confrunta cu un deficit fizic de produc\u021bie, posibil foarte semnificativ, de zeci de mii de tone\u201d<\/em>, spune Mircea Manole, director executiv al Speran\u021ba-Con.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
\u00cen aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie, propunerea de limitare a importurilor preferen\u021biale de zah\u0103r, venit\u0103 aparent din partea companiilor produc\u0103toare de zah\u0103r din Moldova (cu capital str\u0103in), pare absurd\u0103. Realitatea este c\u0103 Moldova are nevoie de zah\u0103r importat \u00een sezonul de comercializare 2026\/27. Merit\u0103 s\u0103 recunoa\u0219tem faptul c\u0103, \u00een noiembrie anul trecut, decizia guvernului de a rezerva pentru consumatorii industriali de zah\u0103r 3 mii de tone de zah\u0103r \u00een cadrul \u201ecotei de import OMC\u201d pentru anul curent, a sprijinit semnificativ industria alimentar\u0103 din Moldova.<\/p>\n
Astfel, la moment, produc\u0103torii de alimente cump\u0103r\u0103 activ zah\u0103r importat la pre\u021bul angro de 13,44-13,89 lei\/kg (inclusiv TVA). \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, zah\u0103rul produs \u00een Moldova este oferit la pre\u021bul de 14,80-15,80 lei\/kg (inclusiv TVA). Exist\u0103 motive s\u0103 presupunem c\u0103 de \u00eendat\u0103 ce \u201ecota industrial\u0103\u201d va fi aleas\u0103 \u00een cur\u00e2nd, ne vom afla din nou \u00een \u201ezona de risc\u201d. Lu\u00e2nd \u00een considerare deficitul de sfecl\u0103 de zah\u0103r \u0219i perspectivele neclare ale recolt\u0103rii acesteia \u00een Moldova, precum \u0219i \u021bin\u00e2nd cont de \u00eencerc\u0103rile permanente de a limita importul preferen\u021bial de zah\u0103r, exist\u0103 opinia c\u0103 mai aproape de toamn\u0103 pre\u021bul angro al zah\u0103rului ar putea s\u0103 urce p\u00e2n\u0103 la 17 lei\/kg.<\/p>\n
Conform calculelor noastre, acesta este peste nivelul care permite industriei alimentare moldovene\u0219ti s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een \u201ezona de competitivitate\u201d. S\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2na trecut\u0103, oportunitatea limit\u0103rii importurilor de zah\u0103r \u00een 2026 \u00een cadrul acordurilor de liber schimb regionale \u0219i interstatale, din care Moldova face parte \u00een prezent, a fost contestat\u0103 \u00eentr-o scrisoare colectiv\u0103 a operatorilor din industria alimentar\u0103 a \u021b\u0103rii adresat\u0103 conducerii Parlamentului.<\/p>\n
Scrisoarea a fost semnat\u0103 de dou\u0103 asocia\u021bii sectoriale (Speran\u021ba-Con \u0219i Asocia\u021bia Na\u021bional\u0103 a Industriei de Mor\u0103rit \u0219i Panifica\u021bie din RM), precum \u0219i de o duzin\u0103 \u0219i jum\u0103tate de \u00eentreprinderi, inclusiv lideri \u00een sectoarele lor: PURATOS-MOLD SRL, BUCURIA SA, PANILINO SRL, ORHEI-VIT SRL, ALFA NISTRU SA, JLC SRL \u0219i altele.<\/p>\n
Aparent, aceast\u0103 ac\u021biune a avut un impact. Cel pu\u021bin, Cancelaria de Stat a notificat organiza\u021biile \u00een cauz\u0103 c\u0103 proiectul de decret privind noile reglement\u0103ri privind importul de zah\u0103r a fost retras la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nii trecute. Nu se \u0219tie dac\u0103 acest lucru a fost definitiv sau pentru ajustare.<\/p>\n
\u00cen acest sens, merit\u0103 men\u021bionat faptul c\u0103, la r\u00e2ndul lor, produc\u0103torii de zah\u0103r au \u00eencercat s\u0103 adune semn\u0103turile asocia\u021biilor de afaceri (EBA, FIA, AmCam) sub forma unei scrisori adresate Guvernului, \u00een care se men\u021bioneaz\u0103 c\u0103 este recomandabil s\u0103 se limiteze importul de zah\u0103r \u00een Moldova \u00een cadrul acordurilor de liber schimb nu chiar la 3, ci la 1 mie de tone. Cu toate acestea, a fost f\u0103r\u0103 succes, asocia\u021biile men\u021bionate au decis s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 neutre. Dar nu vor continua astfel de \u00eencerc\u0103ri? Aceasta este \u00eentrebarea.<\/p>\n
De c\u00e2t zah\u0103r are nevoie Moldova \u201epentru fericire deplin\u0103\u201d? \u00centr-o referin\u021b\u0103 c\u0103tre guvern, Uniunea Produc\u0103torilor de Zah\u0103r din Moldova UPZM a indicat c\u0103 capacitatea anual\u0103 a pie\u021bei de zah\u0103r din Moldova este de circa 65-70 mii tone. Consumatorii industriali ai acestui produs, de la aceea\u0219i Speran\u021ba-Con \u0219i Asocia\u021bia Na\u021bional\u0103 a Industriei de Mor\u0103rit \u0219i Panifica\u021bie, tind s\u0103 cread\u0103 c\u0103 \u00eentr-un an de criz\u0103, c\u00e2nd toat\u0103 lumea vrea s\u0103 scape de stres m\u00e2nc\u00e2nd mai multe dulciuri, \u021bara va avea nevoie de ceva mai mult zah\u0103r: circa 70-75 mii tone.<\/p>\n
\u00cen general, diferen\u021ba \u00een estim\u0103ri nu este prea mare. Dar asta \u00een cazul \u00een care pia\u021ba zah\u0103rului din Moldova va avea ocazia s\u0103 \u201eechilibreze balan\u021ba\u201d prompt \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 impedimente, inclusiv pe seama importului preferen\u021bial de zah\u0103r. (\u00centre paranteze trebuie amintit c\u0103 \u00een regimul normal importurile de zah\u0103r \u00een Moldova sunt supuse \u201etaxei de blocare\u201d \u2013 75%).<\/p>\n
\u00cen principiu, o astfel de posibilitate apare, s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2na aceasta, dup\u0103 o pauz\u0103 de dou\u0103 sute de zile stabilit\u0103 de guvernul moldovean \u00een noiembrie anul trecut, se restabile\u0219te regimul de liber schimb pentru zah\u0103r \u00een cadrul acordului CEFTA.<\/p>\n
S\u0103 \u00eensemne aceasta c\u0103 de s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2na viitoare se va relua \u201efrenezia\u201d importurilor de zah\u0103r \u00een RM, \u00een special din Serbia? Departe de a fi un fapt. Cel pu\u021bin, Adrian Lipcan, administratorul companiei importatoare Sugar Bridge, afirm\u0103 c\u0103 \u201e\u00een situa\u021bia actual\u0103 de imprevizibilitate a administr\u0103rii de stat \u0219i a umplerii pie\u021bei zah\u0103rului din RM, cu greu merit\u0103 s\u0103 risc\u0103m investi\u021bii mari \u00een importurile de zah\u0103r, merit\u0103 s\u0103 a\u0219tept\u0103m informa\u021bii mai mult sau mai pu\u021bin obiective despre perspectivele produc\u021biei \u0219i comer\u021bului cu zah\u0103r\u201d.<\/p>\n
\n\u201eAvem nevoie de stabilitate \u0219i predictibilitate a \u201eregulilor de joc\u201d. Suntem un consumator de zah\u0103r relativ mic (aproximativ 500-600 de tone pe an), dar exigent. Avem nevoie de o aprovizionare a pie\u021bei cu o gam\u0103 variat\u0103 de zah\u0103r \u2013 pentru un tip sau altul de panifica\u021bie, \u0219i la pre\u021buri competitive. \u00cen condi\u021biile actuale, este evident c\u0103 avem nevoie \u00een acest scop at\u00e2t de zah\u0103r moldovenesc, c\u00e2t \u0219i de zah\u0103r importat\u201d,<\/em> spune Sergiu Guzun, fondator \u0219i administrator al Panilino.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
Articolul Stagflarea pie\u021bei zah\u0103rului \u00een Moldova: at\u00e2t deficitul, c\u00e2t \u0219i cre\u0219terea pre\u021burilor sunt posibile<\/a> apare prima dat\u0103 \u00een NordNews<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Pentru unii fermieri moldoveni, campania de \u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021bare-2026 este abia la \u00eenceput. Iar pentru cultivatorii moldoveni de sfecl\u0103 de zah\u0103r, aceasta ar fi trebuit s\u0103 se […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3083","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n
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